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Sadaqah meaning in Islam
November 11, 2024
Understanding sadaqah: key considerations before making a donation
By Yusuf Jaffar
•
4 min read
As a crowdfunding platform, we are fortunate to have witnessed over 2 million generous donors contribute nearly $500 million in sadaqah on our platform.
Through our interactions with these donors and by observing their motivations, we’ve gathered valuable insights into the meaning of sadaqah, its importance in Islam, and common questions our community has about giving. Before making a sadaqah donation, there are a few essential aspects to consider to ensure that your contributions are impactful and fulfilling. This article explores the essence of sadaqah, its significance in Islam, and critical considerations before giving, helping you make informed, heartfelt donations that truly make a difference.
What is sadaqah and why it is important in Islam?
Sadaqah is a voluntary act of charity in Islam, performed solely to please Allah without expecting anything in return. The term "sadaqah" originates from the Arabic word "sidq," meaning sincerity, reflecting that sadaqah is an expression of genuine faith and righteousness. Sadaqah is given freely and can take various forms, including monetary donations, acts of kindness, or even a simple smile. Its significance in Islam is profound, as sadaqah is seen as a means to purify one’s wealth, protect from misfortune, and earn Allah’s reward.
Sadaqah purifies wealth and protects from sins
The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: "Charity extinguishes sins just as water extinguishes fire" (Tirmidhi).
Sadaqah protects from calamities
The Prophet (PBUH) said: "Give charity without delay, for it stands in the way of calamity" (Tirmidhi).
Sadaqah multiplies rewards
Allah says in the Qur'an: "The example of those who spend their wealth in the way of Allah is like a seed [of grain] which grows seven spikes; in each spike is a hundred grains. And Allah multiplies [His reward] for whom He wills" (Qur'an 2:261).
Sadaqah continues after death (Sadaqah Jariyah)
The Prophet (PBUH) said: "When a man dies, his deeds come to an end except for three things: Sadaqah Jariyah (ceaseless charity), knowledge which is beneficial, or a virtuous descendant who prays for him" (Muslim).
Sadaqah brings no fear or grief
Allah says in the Qur'an: "Those who spend their wealth in charity day and night, secretly and openly—they will have their reward with their Lord, and there will be no fear for them, nor will they grieve" (Qur'an 2:274).
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Key differences between sadaqah and zakat
Understanding the difference between sadaqah and zakat can guide your giving. Here’s a comparison:
Obligation:
Zakat: Obligatory; one of the Five Pillars of Islam.
Sadaqah: Voluntary; not obligatory.
Frequency:
Zakat: Paid once on qualifying wealth calculated annually.
Sadaqah: Can be given at any time.
Assets:
Zakat: Paid on specific assets like gold, silver, cash, and business assets.
Sadaqah: No specific asset requirements; can be monetary or non-monetary.
Threshold (Nisab):
Zakat: Requires a minimum threshold (Nisab) of wealth.
Sadaqah: No minimum threshold is required.
Recipients:
Zakat: Given to specific categories, including the poor, needy, and debtors.
Sadaqah: Can be given to anyone in need.
Calculation:
Zakat: Calculated as 2.5% of wealth above the Nisab.
Sadaqah: No fixed amount or percentage.
Enforcement:
Zakat: Can be enforced by Islamic authorities.
Sadaqah: Purely voluntary; never enforced.
Liabilities deduction:
Zakat: Certain liabilities can be deducted from the zakat calculation.
Sadaqah: No deductions apply.
Nature of giving:
Zakat: Always monetary.
Sadaqah: Can be monetary or in the form of good deeds.
Consequences of non-payment:
Zakat: Non-payment is sinful and violates Allah’s command.
Sadaqah: Not sinful if not given.
Definition of sadaqah: Who has priority for receiving it?
Islam emphasizes certain priorities for sadaqah recipients:
Family and relatives
Family members, especially close relatives, have the highest priority for sadaqah. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: “The best of charity is that which is given to a relative who does not like you” (Ahmad).
The poor and needy (fuqara and masakin)
Among the general public, the poor (those who cannot meet half their needs) and the needy (those who can meet some but not all their needs) are prioritized. The Qur’an emphasizes giving to these groups: “The alms are only for the poor and the needy...” (Qur'an 9:60).
Orphans
Orphans hold a special place in Islamic charity. The Prophet (PBUH) emphasized caring for orphans as an act that brings one closer to him in Paradise.
Debtors
People burdened with debt but unable to repay it are eligible for sadaqah, as the Prophet (PBUH) recognized helping debtors as a valid reason for giving.
Travelers in need (ibn al-sabil)
Stranded travelers or those far from home and in need are also entitled to sadaqah, even if they are wealthy in their homeland.
Local vs. global needs for sadaqah donations
Local needs first
The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasized starting charity with those nearby, including family and community members. He said: "The best charity is that which is given to a relative who does not like you" (Tirmidhi).
Strengthening the local community
Supporting the local poor and needy helps build a strong immediate Muslim community. The Prophet (PBUH) said: "The upper hand is better than the lower hand, and begin with those who are under your care" (Bukhari).
Urgent needs elsewhere
If there are pressing needs in other regions (e.g., natural disasters or conflicts), it is permissible and encouraged to give sadaqah to those in greater need outside your locality.
How to give sadaqah: Observing user behaviour on LaunchGood?
Donations on behalf of others for special occasions or duas
A growing trend shows people donating sadaqah on behalf of others during special occasions or when making duas for them, as a form of goodwill.
Emergency relief as the largest sadaqah category
Emergency relief is the biggest sadaqah category on LaunchGood, as people’s first response is often to support those in tragedy or hardship.
Sadaqah jariyah for deceased loved ones
Many give sadaqah jariyah in memory of deceased loved ones. Wells are a popular choice, as they provide continuous benefit over time.
Adding duas with sadaqah
It’s common for people to add a heartfelt dua when giving sadaqah, further connecting their donation to spiritual blessings.
Support for trusted charitable organizations
Some users prefer giving sadaqah to familiar charitable organizations, aiming to help them succeed and make an impact they believe in.
Personal connection to sadaqah
For about 10% of LaunchGood users, sadaqah has a personal significance. They see it as a responsibility and actively look for opportunities to give.
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